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  <h2>python/前端/14-JQuery基础</h2>



  <p class="post-date">2020-11-03</p>
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    <section class="markdown-content"><h2 id="1-了解jQuery"><a href="#1-了解jQuery" class="headerlink" title="1. 了解jQuery"></a>1. 了解jQuery</h2><h3 id="1-1-什么是jQuery"><a href="#1-1-什么是jQuery" class="headerlink" title="1.1 什么是jQuery"></a>1.1 什么是jQuery</h3><ul>
<li>jQuery 是一个高效、精简并且功能丰富的 JavaScript 工具库</li>
<li>jQuery极大的简化了JavaScript 编程</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1-2-什么事JS类库"><a href="#1-2-什么事JS类库" class="headerlink" title="1.2 什么事JS类库"></a>1.2 什么事JS类库</h3><ul>
<li>它就是一些函数的集合，就是把特定效果的代码写好，你只需要在用的时候要用很少的代码去调用。</li>
<li>起主导作用的是你的代码，由你来决定何时使用类库。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1-3-常见JS类库"><a href="#1-3-常见JS类库" class="headerlink" title="1.3 常见JS类库"></a>1.3 常见JS类库</h3><ul>
<li>jQuery</li>
<li>ExtJS</li>
<li>prototype.js</li>
<li>zepto.js</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1-4-jQuery的优势"><a href="#1-4-jQuery的优势" class="headerlink" title="1.4 jQuery的优势"></a>1.4 jQuery的优势</h3><ul>
<li>开源 免费</li>
<li>便捷的选择器</li>
<li>方便的DOM操作</li>
<li>方便的动画特效</li>
<li>易用的ajax操作</li>
<li>丰富的插件扩展</li>
<li>解决浏览器兼容性效果</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1-5-jQuery的版本"><a href="#1-5-jQuery的版本" class="headerlink" title="1.5 jQuery的版本"></a>1.5 jQuery的版本</h3><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">1.x.x的版本是可以 支持 IE6~IE8的</span><br><span class="line">2.x.x到3.x.x 的版本，不在兼容IE8以及以下浏览器</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-6-jQuery-相关网站"><a href="#1-6-jQuery-相关网站" class="headerlink" title="1.6 jQuery 相关网站"></a>1.6 jQuery 相关网站</h3><ul>
<li>官网 <a href="https://jquery.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://jquery.com/</a></li>
<li>文档API： <a href="http://jquery.cuishifeng.cn/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://jquery.cuishifeng.cn/index.html</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="2-jQuery-基本使用"><a href="#2-jQuery-基本使用" class="headerlink" title="2 jQuery 基本使用"></a>2 jQuery 基本使用</h2><h3 id="2-1-安装"><a href="#2-1-安装" class="headerlink" title="2.1 安装"></a>2.1 安装</h3><p><strong>下载到本地，再引入</strong></p>
<p>下载地址：<a href="https://jquery.com/download/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://jquery.com/download/</a></p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"jquery-3.3.1.min.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">	<span class="comment">//注意，一定在引入jQuery之后，再使用jQuery提供的各种操作</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>或者 直接使用CDN</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	code...</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>BootCDN jQuery各个版本地址： <a href="https://www.bootcdn.cn/jquery/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.bootcdn.cn/jquery/</a></p>
<h3 id="2-2-jQuery对象"><a href="#2-2-jQuery对象" class="headerlink" title="2.2 jQuery对象"></a>2.2 jQuery对象</h3><p><code>$</code>是<code>jQuery</code>的别名</p>
<figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">jQuery('.item').show()</span><br><span class="line">//等同于</span><br><span class="line">$('.item').show()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><code>$</code>对象可以用作选择器获取元素，还可以创建DOM对象</p>
<h3 id="2-3-文档就绪事件"><a href="#2-3-文档就绪事件" class="headerlink" title="2.3 文档就绪事件"></a>2.3 文档就绪事件</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$(<span class="built_in">document</span>).ready(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 开始写 jQuery 代码...</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>上述写法可以简写</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$(<span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">// 开始写 jQuery 代码...</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-4-连贯操作"><a href="#2-4-连贯操作" class="headerlink" title="2.4 连贯操作"></a>2.4 连贯操作</h3><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//对象可以连贯调用</span></span><br><span class="line">$(dom).find(<span class="string">'img'</span>).css(<span class="string">'border'</span>,<span class="string">'1px solid #ccc'</span>).css(<span class="string">'color'</span>, <span class="string">'red'</span>).prop(<span class="string">'src'</span>, <span class="string">'1.jpg'</span>).toggle()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-5-jQueryDOM和jsDOM"><a href="#2-5-jQueryDOM和jsDOM" class="headerlink" title="2.5 jQueryDOM和jsDOM"></a>2.5 jQueryDOM和jsDOM</h3><ul>
<li>通过原生js获取的dom对象，我们称之为jsDOM或者原生DOM</li>
<li>通过jQuery选择器获取的dom对象，我们称之为 jQuery DOM</li>
<li>jQuery DOM本质上 是由 jsDOM组成的集合，是个类数组对象。可以通过 [索引] 获取其中的jsDOM</li>
<li><code>$(jsDOM)</code> 可以转为 jQuery DOM</li>
</ul>
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      <ol class="toc-nav"><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-2"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#1-了解jQuery"><span class="toc-nav-text">1. 了解jQuery</span></a><ol class="toc-nav-child"><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#1-1-什么是jQuery"><span class="toc-nav-text">1.1 什么是jQuery</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#1-2-什么事JS类库"><span class="toc-nav-text">1.2 什么事JS类库</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#1-3-常见JS类库"><span class="toc-nav-text">1.3 常见JS类库</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#1-4-jQuery的优势"><span class="toc-nav-text">1.4 jQuery的优势</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#1-5-jQuery的版本"><span class="toc-nav-text">1.5 jQuery的版本</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#1-6-jQuery-相关网站"><span class="toc-nav-text">1.6 jQuery 相关网站</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-2"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#2-jQuery-基本使用"><span class="toc-nav-text">2 jQuery 基本使用</span></a><ol class="toc-nav-child"><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#2-1-安装"><span class="toc-nav-text">2.1 安装</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#2-2-jQuery对象"><span class="toc-nav-text">2.2 jQuery对象</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#2-3-文档就绪事件"><span class="toc-nav-text">2.3 文档就绪事件</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#2-4-连贯操作"><span class="toc-nav-text">2.4 连贯操作</span></a></li><li class="toc-nav-item toc-nav-level-3"><a class="toc-nav-link" href="#2-5-jQueryDOM和jsDOM"><span class="toc-nav-text">2.5 jQueryDOM和jsDOM</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
    
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